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Saturday, September 28, 2013
Leader, members of right-wing Greek part arrested
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Nikos Michaloliakos appears in court after he is arrested along with key members of his Greek neo-fascist party
The leader of Greece's Golden Dawn, widely viewed as Europe's most violent political force, appeared in court on Saturday night on charges of heading a criminal gang after police mounted an unprecedented crackdown on the neo-fascist party, arresting Nikos Michaloliakos and other key members of his organisation.
After a high-stakes police operation in which anti-terrorism officers stormed the homes of Golden Dawn politicians across Athens, Michaloliakos and five of his MPs were seized. Fourteen other senior Golden Dawn activists were taken into custody accused of fomenting violence as members of a criminal organisation.
The prime minister, Antonis Samaras, held emergency talks with his public order and justice ministers after the raids. Emerging from the discussion, the justice minister, Charalambos Athanasiou, insisted that those who had been arrested will face "just justice".
"Justice has moved with decisiveness and transparency," he told reporters gathered outside the prime minister's city-centre office. "I want to say for all those who have been arrested, if they are sent to trial there will be just justice."
Authorities said 25 counter-terrorism units were trying to track down two other politicians almost nine hours after Michaloliakos was arrested in his Athens home at 7am. Greek media quoted the politician as telling police: "What you are doing is not right. The truth will shine," as he was taken into custody in handcuffs. Hundreds of Golden Dawn supporters, many wearing the party's de rigueur black T-shirts, gathered outside Athens's police headquarters spurred on by a text message reportedly sent by the party to "support our moral and just struggle against the corrupt system".
Michaloliakos and his chief lieutenant, the party's spokesman Ilias Kasidiaris, were inside the building as the supporters massed. Only on Friday, Kasidiaris, who became infamous with an assault on two female leftwing MPs during a live television debate last year, had openly joked that "we are here to hand ourselves in", as the party launched a lawsuit against Pasok, the junior leftwing party in Samaras's fragile coalition. Police officials said a number of weapons had also been discovered in the crackdown. Three unlicensed guns allegedly found in Michaloliakos's suburban home were to undergo ballistics tests, and tens of thousands of euros were also apparently found, the media reported.
Greece's third biggest party, Golden Dawn, has seen its popularity soar on the back of desperation and despair, becoming Europe's most extreme rightwing political force in the process. The group is accused of making violence its calling card, and human rights groups hold it responsible for hundreds of attacks on dark-skinned immigrants in the three years since the debt-stricken country plunged into crisis.
Since being elected to parliament for the first time in June last year with 7% of the popular vote, the party has been linked to a wave of violence directed mostly against migrants, gay people and leftists on Greece's increasingly fractious political scene. The fatal stabbing this month of Pavlos Fyssas, a hip-hop star popular among anti-fascists, prompted widespread outrage and galvanised the governing coalition into taking action.
Amid revelations that Golden Dawn had set up hit squads with the help of commandos in the special forces and openly colluded with the police, the authorities launched a far-reaching inquiry into the group's activities.
Two senior police generals resigned and several officers were suspended after allegations of links with the party. More than a dozen Golden Dawn members, including the 45-year-old man who confessed to murdering Fyssas, were rounded up.
Not since the collapse of military rule have MPs been arrested en masse. "This is without precedent in Greek political life," said a professor of constitutional law, Kostas Chrysogonos. "Authorities are acting within the law, but I also think it would have been constitutionally more correct if they had asked parliament to lift their [MPs'] political immunity first."
Even if the politicians are imprisoned pending trial, they will still retain their standing as MPs, experts said.
This week Kasidiaris told a TV show that "they can arrest us, they can put us in prison, but we will still be MPs. We are not going to go back even one step."
Although Samaras's shaky coalition has been applauded for its tough stance – with opinion polls showing a drop in support for Golden Dawn and a slight rise for his own conservative New Democracy party – there are fears that the crackdown could ultimately damage the government.
The opposition leader, Alexis Tsipras, of the radical left Syriza party, gave voice to those fears last week, saying the party should be confronted "within the law, not outside it".
Before the crackdown Golden Dawn was polling at around 15%, prompting it to boast it had "more than a million" supporters in the crisis-hit nation.
Earlier last week Michaloliakos had warned that he might withdraw his 18-strong parliamentary group from Greece's 300-seat parliament — a move that could unleash political instability in a country dependent on international rescue funds to survive.
The politician had also said that what he described as "mudslinging and slander" against his party would "open the gates of hell".
Golden Dawn partyGreeceThe far rightHelena Smiththeguardian.com © 2013 Guardian News and Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved. | Use of this content is subject to our Terms & Conditions | More FeedsGreek far-right leader, other legislators arrested
ATHENS, Greece (AP) — The leader of Greece's extreme-right Golden Dawn party and four other of its parliamentarians were formally charged Saturday with membership in a criminal organization with intent to commit crimes, in an escalation of a government crackdown after a fatal stabbing blamed on a supporter.
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The crackdown on the far-right party will undoubtedly release new tensions on to an already poisoned political scene
Before his untimely death at the age of 34, Pavlos Fyssas was a hip-hop rapper popular on Greece's anti-fascist scene but little known beyond the frontiers of that music genre or the borders of the country itself. On the night of 17 September all that changed.
In lightning fashion, after becoming embroiled in a row over a soccer game beamed from the big screen of a cafe in a gritty working class Athenian suburb, Fyssas and his friends were set upon by thugs dressed in the combat pants and black T-shirts worn by supporters of the country's far-right Golden Dawn party.
Cornered by the mob, the bearded singer was soon lying in a pool of blood with stab wounds to his heart and chest.
Within minutes he had died. And within hours the killer, a self-professed member of Golden Dawn, had been arrested.
Murkiness may still surround the circumstances of the murder, but what Fyssas's death revealed, in sharp relief, was the depth of division within Greece. In an atmosphere made toxic by record levels of poverty, unemployment, desperation and despair, Greeks were soon describing the killing as a "political assassination" – the latest act in a string of attacks by a party bolstered by its seemingly runaway popularity in the polls.
Overnight, Fyssas had become a martyr – with the far-rightists deemed to have crossed a "red line" despite vehement protestations it had no connection with the crime. Amid public outrage, thousands took to the streets.
"Until then we had managed to be civilized about the differences between the left and the right that have run through our country since the [1946-49] civil war," said the political commentator Giorgos Kyrtsos. "With Fyssas's assassination, that line was crossed."
After months of tolerating a group that had brutalised society – spawning a climate of fear among immigrants, attacking gays, holding "Greek only" food handouts and coarsening political exchange with rants about "subhuman foreigners" in the Athens parliament – Antonis Samaras's fragile coalition finally took action.
And, when it did, it acted with an alacrity and determination that few might have envisaged. In the space of 10 days, Golden Dawn branches across the nation were raided and searched, members were arrested, weapons confiscated and sympathetic police officers removed from posts. In the early hours of Saturday came the next step: the arrest of five of the organisation's lawmakers, including its rabble-rousing leader, Nikos Michaloliakos, and 14 prominent cadres.
All 19 were due to appear late on Saturday before a public magistrate on charges of forming a criminal gang.
Not since the return of democracy after the collapse of military rule in 1974 has a party been so publicly hounded. The arrests will undoubtedly unleash new tensions on to a political scene already poisoned by profound disillusionment with an establishment widely blamed for the financial mess that has lead to the nation's economic and social meltdown.
Adding to the crippling sense of uncertainty hanging over Greeks, Michaloliakos himself pledged that the campaign against his party would "open the gates of hell" before his arrest at his home early on Saturday. As Golden Dawn supporters gathered outside the gargantuan central police headquarters in Athens on Saturday – blue and white Greek flags in hand underscoring their ultranationalist views – it remained unclear how the extremist organisation would react.
In recent months Europe had looked on horrified as the group, whose emblem resembles the swastika and whose politicians have openly applauded the policies of Adolf Hitler, has gone from strength to strength. Three years ago the far rightists won only 0.72% of the vote. In elections last year that support increased ten fold with the party winning just under 7% of the vote and 18 deputies in the 300-seat parliament on the back of deep disgruntlement over sweeping austerity measures.
The government, which had come under increasing pressure to clamp down on an organisation now viewed as the continent's most violent political force, has won plaudits for the decisiveness with which it has ultimately cracked down on the group. Polls have shown a sudden drop in support for Golden Dawn, with conservatives who had migrated to the far right in disgust with Samaras's own centre-right New Democracy party returning to the fold.
But the far rightists have also managed to retain their core support with successive polls this week showing that with at least 7% of the vote, the party still remained Greece's third biggest political force. If need be, Michaloliakos and his cadres have vowed to fight their corner from inside prison cells.
Many have voiced concerns that the crackdown could backfire. The government is wading into uncharted waters, constitutionally, with experts emphasising the impossibility of outlawing a party catapulted into parliament by democratic means.
Even if its MPs are found to be guilty they will still retain their political identity. Greeks are still haunted by the memory of the KKE communist party being outlawed for almost 30 years after the civil war.
"It may have been more correct constitutionally to have sought parliament's approval to lift their political immunity first," said the constitutional law professor Kostas Chrysogonos.
In a rare display of consensus on both the left and right, politicians have attributed Golden Dawn's meteoric rise to the relentless, internationally-mandated cutbacks Greeks have been subjected to since their debt-stricken country descended into crisis in late 2009. Far from having ideological appeal in a country that suffered one of the most brutal occupations between 1941-44 under Nazi rule, the far rightists have managed to capitalise on the deep sense of injustice and fury that has increasingly radicalised society.
"Golden Dawn's respirator is the memorandum," said Takis Pavlopoulos, a senior policymaker in the radical-left main opposition Syriza party, referring to the loan accord Athens has signed up to with its "troika" of creditors at the EU, ECB and IMF. "Its base is not ideological but one of desperate people. Once you abolish the memorandum, the party will wither away."
Without Greece being cut some slack by its foreign lenders – not least Germany which has paid the lion's share of its €240bn in rescue loans since 2010 but has made austerity the price – many fear the party will resurface under another name if it is ultimately banned.
Hopes abound that by exposing the inner workings of a group that has operated as a paramilitary force but until now has been shrouded in mystery, Greeks will gradually turn their backs on Golden Dawn.
"We are not saying to all those people who voted for them that they are Nazis or fascists," said Notis Marias, a senior figure in the rightwing opposition Independent Greeks party. "What we are saying is that they made a mistake and this is the time to correct it."
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On Ancient Olympia, organizers hold successful rehearsal of Sochi flame lighting ceremony
ANCIENT OLYMPIA, Greece (AP) — Using the sun's rays at the birthplace of the ancient Olympics, organizers carried out a successful rehearsal Saturday to light the flame for the 2014 Sochi Winter Olympics.
Under clear skies, actresses dressed as ancient priestesses took part in the rehearsal Saturday at Ancient Olympia in southern Greece — lighting the torch using a parabolic mirror. The flame will be kept in reserve for the actual ceremony to be held Sunday.
Thomas Bach, elected this month as the new president of the International Olympic Committee, was present at the events. The Russian leg of the torch relay is set to cover 65,000 kilometers (40,390 miles) before the Feb. 7-23 Winter Games.
News Topics: Sports, 2014 Sochi Olympic Games, Winter Olympic games, Olympic games, EventsPeople, Places and Companies: Greece, Sochi, Western Europe, Europe, Russia, Eastern Europe
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A major European failure
Today is a sad day for Europe. Not for Europe as a geographical region. But for Europe as it emerged in the ashes of WW 2, a vision of unity that would lay to rest any fears of Europeans having to face the same horrors that two consecutive wars wrought on the continent. That the conditions which fueled the rise of Fascism and National Socialism, would never reappear.
In a EU member state, 6 members of the parliament belonging to an extreme right party, "Golden Dawn" including the head of the party, were arrested today and a party elected by 7% of the popular vote is investigated with the possible outcome of it being outlawed as a criminal organization is a screaming testimony to that failure.
It is a sad day, not because the rule of law is being imposed. But because this testifies that the rule of politics has failed. And the failure is not that of local politics but of European politics.
After all, if there is a EU member state that epitomizes the subjugation of local, or internal, politics to European ones, is Greece. A country that has become a de facto European Protectorate within Europe itself in all but name.
The Greek political system is certainly responsible for creating an uncontrollable mess that opened the doors to the first experiment of running a EU member state directly from Brussels, Frankfurt and Berlin. But from the moment the core decision making process has moved from Athens to these three European capitals, so did responsibility for the effects and results.
The Greek political class was reduced to the role of Vassals, implementing, translating, or reacting to major policy decisions taken and imposed by their overlords. No matter how inefficient, corrupt or downright incompetent, from the moment major parts of sovereignty were taken away from them, so did an equally major part of responsibility for the results. It lies with those that pull the ropes, not those who are left to tend to the frayed strands.
The experiment could have been successful. It could have been a step towards further European integration, a move forward in search of a European federal future that would certainly put an end to any fears of return to the bloody past. But it was bungled.
The painfully obvious lack of statesmanship in Europe, be it at the European level in Brussels or at the major European capitals has guaranteed this result. By a combination of bureaucratic short- sightedness, technocratic aphasia, ideological paralysis, populism and downright bloody-mindedness, it transformed a financial crisis to major European political crisis. And, if unchecked, it promises to further elevate this crisis to a European disaster, in true 20th century form.
Greece had the doubtful privilege to be the test case of European reflexes in a major crisis. But nothing is unique in Greece. Everything that exists in Greece, exists in all EU member States. The difference lies in quantity. How much corruption, how much clientelism, how much populism, how much bureaucratic inefficiency.
Certainly, as Leon Trotsky once pointed out, “quantitative changes beyond certain limits become converted into qualitative”. And this was what offered Greece on a platter a a test-bed.
The failure of European politics to stem or reverse the increment of “quantitative changes” in Greece, led Greek democracy on the defensive. “Democracy knows how to defend itself” say Greek politicians, as would any politician in their shoes, while referring the solution of an ugly and unpalatable situation to Justice.
True. But this speaks of Democracy cornered on the defensive.
If in Greece Democracy is obliged to resort to it's defensive weapons, current European tacticism and lack of strategic vision promises that gradually Democracy will follow the test case paradigm.
“Quantitative changes” are occurring all over Europe, visible to the naked eye. Extreme nationalism, with more or less overt fascist or neo-nazi undertones gains ground everywhere. Qualitative results are coming very close to the corner.